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Sunday, August 8, 2004
08:30 - 12:00 Tutorial A (half day): Integrated Public Wireless
Networks
Dr. Milind M. Buddhikot (Bell Labs)
01:30 - 05:00 Tutorial B (half day): Security in Public Wireless
Networks
Dr. Milind M. Buddhikot (Bell Labs)
Tutorial A (half day): Integrated Public Wireless
Networks
SPEAKER: Dr. Milind M. Buddhikot
(milind@dnrc.bell-labs.com)
Lucent Bell Labs, USA
SUBJECT AREA:
Broadband Wireless Technologies, Integrated Public Access
Networks
ABSTRACT
Local and wide-area wireless data
networks are becoming increasingly important in providing ubiquitous
seamless connectivity to end-users. Third generation wide-area networks
such as CDMA-2000 and UMTS have been standardized and are gradually being
deployed. In local-area wireless networks common in enterprises, home and
public hot spots, the IEEE 802.11b standard is seeing explosive growth.
This tutorial will provide detailed discussion of the state-of-the-art
architectures, protocols, network elements, systems and open research
questions in key broadband wireless technologies such as 802.11, CDMA2000,
UMTS, 802.16 and emerging multi-hop all wireless mesh networks. Particular
emphasis will be on the aspects of security and service integration
between different technologies, as seamless inter-technology roaming and
ubiquitous connectivity are perceived as the key to the success of
broadband wireless. The tutorial will include demonstrations that will
use Verizon’s live 1XRTT or EV-DO network and key technologies developed
in Bell Labs to illustrate various aspects of Integrated Public Wireless
Networks.
TUTORIAL OUTLINE:
MODULE I: Introduction and Outline
1. Tutorial summary and what to expect
MODULE II : 802.11 WLANs
1. Basic terminologies: Ad hoc, Infrastructure
modes, ESSID, BSSID, DS etc.
2. Overview of MAC and air interface protocols
3. Authentication and association in IEEE 802.11 networks
1. Basic 802.11 Open
and Shared Key authentication
2. Wireline Equivalence Privacy (WEP)
|
RC4 encryption in brief |
|
Why WEP is broken? Various
limitations and practical attacks |
|
Shamir Result: “WEP unsafe
at any key length” |
3. Dynamic
authentication using 802.1x Port Access Control and 802.11i Standard
| 802.1x Concepts, EAP-over-LANs (EAPOL) protocol
|
| Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) details |
| AAA Concepts. RADIUS and EAP-over-RADIUS |
| Example EAP-Methods |
|
Short overview of TLS, Tunneled TLS (TTLS),
PEAP
Comparative evaluation and relevance to new deployments |
|
WEP Enhancements:
|
|
Temporal Key Integrity
Protocol (TKIP) |
|
Miachael MIC, WARP, AES |
4. WLAN Switching and centralized management of
802.11 networks
| Current trends, vendor approaches (Aruba, AirEspace,
Trapeze) |
5. 802.11e, WIMAX standard overviews
MODULE III : 3G wide-area networks
1. CDMA 2000
architecture
|
Removable User ID Modules
(R-UIM), BSC, RNC, PDSN |
|
Basics of air interface,
Radio Access Network, Core network |
|
Simple IP, Mobile IP modes
|
|
Security architecture:
Details of MIP options and authentication |
2. UMTS architecture
|
Basics of air interface,
Radio Access Network, Core network |
|
SIM/USIM, Node B, RNC, HLR,
VLR |
|
General Packet Radio
Service (GPRS): Release 4, 5, 6
|
SGSN/GGSN details |
|
Handling mobility
|
|
Security architecture |
|
3. Authentication, key
exchange and billing in 3G networks
| GSM SIM authentication and encryption protocol |
| UMTS AKA authentication and encryption protocol |
MODULE IV : Integration of local-area and wide-area
wireless networks
1. Why do we need integration anyway?
| Integrated Network Service models and requirements
| Voice and data services |
|
| Challenges posed by integration |
| Concepts of Roaming Agreements, AAA broker networks |
2. Network Architectures for Integrated Networks
| Tight-integration and Loose-Integration
architecture
| Implications on 3G network and client |
| Advantages and disadvantages of each
architecture. |
| Loose integration as a preferred approach |
| Standards activities |
|
| Discussion of new network element – 802.11
Integration gateway and
protocols in two architectures |
3. Authentication Protocols in Integrated Networks
| SIM/U-SIM based protocols: EAP-SIM, EAP-AKA
| Protocol details, Identity privacy, Fast Re-auth,
Key Derivation,
HLR communication options and overheads |
|
| Known attacks on EAP-SIM |
| Comparative evaluation of the schemes |
4. Design and Implementation of an Integration
gateway
| Feature, service set and details on example
implementation called IOTA |
| Performance numbers of a gateway implementation |
5. Design and Implementation of Integrated Network
Access Client
| Features. Interface switching and Bounce protection
algorithms. |
| Windows XP/2000 implementation details |
| Performance numbers on network switching |
| Demonstration |
6. “WI-Fi-On-Go”: Providing 802.11 access on
Buses, Trains and Portable Hot-spots
| 802.11 access integrated with 3G aggregation links
to the internet |
| Design and performance of a gateway with 802.11
access interfaces
and 3G uplinks |
| MIP, RADIUS issues. |
| Link striping for fatter 3G uplinks |
| Demonstration |
7. Managed Ad-hoc relays for 802.11 and 3G Range
Extensions
| Using 802.11a,b 802.16 ad-hoc multi-hop relays to
extend 802.11 and
3G Range |
| Advantages of managed ad-hoc relays |
| Network architecture with ad-hoc relays: Example
implementation |
| Demonstration |
8. Voice services: a special case
| Integrating voice services: Service model,
implementation options using
Home Base Stations (HBS) |
| VOIP, QoS and signaling issues |
| Demonstration |
MODULE V : State-of-the-art in Systems and services
1. Windows, Linux support for 802.11, 802.1x
2. RADIUS, DIAMETER products and free-software
3. UMTS, CDMA 2000 modems.
4. SIM, USIM, R-UIM smart cards
5. Current vendors for all components and services
ReefEdge, Ecutel, IPUnplugged, Boingo, Telepath, Waypoint, Mobilestar,
Verizon Express Network
CONCLUSIONS
POTENTIAL AUDIENCE:
For engineers, graduate
students, executives, and practitioners in the field of 3G and 802.11
technologies. Ideal for people who are getting introduced to these new
exciting public wireless networks and aspects of their integration.
SPEAKER’S BIOGRAPHY RELEVANT TO THE TUTORIAL SUBJECT
The speaker has extensive
experience in various aspects of wireless networks ranging from mobility
management protocols, authentication and key exchange, design of wireless
access gateways, and client and network software systems for wireless
networks.
The speaker is a
co-architect of the Shared Key Exchange (SKE) scheme currently under
consideration for standardization in IETF. Dr. Buddhikot is currently the
technical leader of the team responsible for implementing EAP-SIM, EAP-AKA
and EAP-SKE authentication protocols in Lucent NAVIS AAA product.
Dr. Buddhikot was a key
member of the team that developed Lucent Technologies’ 802.11+3G
integration architecture strategy and built the 802.11/3G IOTA integration
gateways. The project titled IOTA
that
he was part of
addressed various aspects
of high performance integration such as (1) network architecture for
integration, (2) Design and implementation of new network element called
integration gateway, (3) Client side OS and application support for
handling mobility, (4) High speed access in mobile hot-spots, (5)
Efficient authentication and key exchange, (6) New mobility mechanisms
that improve on MobileIP, and (7) Techniques for range extensions of 3G
and 802.11 networks. The technology this team developed has been
demonstrated to service providers and also in trade shows such CTIA 2003
in New Orleans.
The speaker has 6 papers
and 5 patents (pending) on various topics covering the area. The IOTA
team was awarded a prestigious
Bell Labs
President’s Silver Award
for outstanding
innovations and contributions in March 2003 and
Bell Labs
Team Award in Dec 2003.
RELEVANT PUBLICATIONS AND TALKS
- M. Buddhikot, G. Chandranmenon, S. J.
Han, Y. W. Lee, S. Miller and L. Salgarelli, Integration of 802.11 and
Third Generation Wireless Data Networks, Proceedings of IEEE
Infocom 2003, San Francisco, April 2003.
- M. Buddhikot, G. Chandranmenon, S. J.
Han, Y. W. Lee, S. Miller and L. Salgarelli, Design and Implementation
of a WLAN/CDMA2000 Integration Architecture, Special Issue of IEEE
Communications Magazine on 3G+802.11 Integration, Nov 2003.
- L. Salgarelli, M. Buddhikot, J. Garay.
S. Patel, S. Miller, Efficient Authentication and Key Distribution in
Wireless IP Networks, Special Issue of IEEE Wireless Communications
Magazine, Nov 2003.
- M. Buddhikot, A. Hari, K. Singh and
S. Miller, MobileNAT: A New Technique for Mobility Across
Heterogeneous Address Spaces Proceedings of
First ACM International Workshop on Mobile Applications and Services in
Hotspots (in conjunction with ACM Mobicom 2003), Sept 2003, San Diego
Longer version invited for Special Issue of ACM/Kluwer
Journal of MONET.
- Salgarelli, L, Buddhikot, M., Garay,
J., Miller, M., EAP SKE Authentication and Key Exchange Protocol,
IETF Internet draft, draft-salgarelli-pppext-802.11-auth-02.txt.
- Blumenthal, U., Buddhikot, M., Garay,
J., Miller, S, Patel, S., Salgarelli, L., and D. Stanley, A Scheme for
Authentication and Dynamic Key Exchange in Wireless Networks, Bell
Labs Technical Journal Special Issue on Wireless Networking, 7(2), pp.
37-48. 2002.
- Milind Buddhikot, “New Technologies
for Integrated Public Wireless Networks,” (Invited Talk) OpenSig
2003, Columbia University, NY, Oct 9, 2003. Also, talk at
Rutgers WINLAB, Nov 4, 2003, and WICAT Brooklyn Polytech, Jan 16, 2004.
IOTA Relevant details and publications
can be found at URL
http://www.bell-labs.com/~mbuddhikot/IOTAProject/IOTA.htm
SHORT BIOGRAPHY OF THE SPEAKER
Milind M. Buddhikot
is a
Member of Technical Staff in the Center for Networking Research at Lucent
Bell Labs. His research interests are in the areas of systems and
protocols for public wireless networks, dynamic authentication and key
exchange, multihop wireless and dynamic spectrum access. Milind holds a
Doctor of Science (D. Sc.) in computer science (July 1998) from
Washington University in St. Louis. He has served on program committees of
several conferences and currently serves as the Editor of IEEE/ACM
Transaction on Networking (TON). Milind is a key member of the team that
developed Lucent Technologies’ 802.11+3G integration architecture strategy
and built the 802.11/3G IOTA integration gateways. The team was awarded
the prestigious Bell Labs President’s Silver Award for outstanding
innovations and contributions in March 2003 and Bell Labs Team Award in
Dec 2003.
Milind is also a co-architect of the Shared Key Exchange (SKE) scheme and
a technical
leader of the team responsible for implementing EAP-SIM/AKA and EAP-SKE
protocols in Lucent NAVIS AAA product.
DETAILED BIOGRAPHY OF THE SPEAKER
Milind M. Buddhikot
is a Member of Technical Staff in the Center for
Networking Research at Lucent Bell Labs. His research interests are in
the areas of systems and protocols for public wireless networks, dynamic
authentication and key exchange, multihop wireless, dynamic spectrum
access, MPLS path routing, and multimedia messaging and stream caching.
Milind holds a Doctor of Science (D. Sc.) in computer science (July 1998)
from Washington University in St. Louis, and a Master of Technology (M.Tech.)
in communication engineering (December 1988) from the Indian Institute of
Technology (I.I.T.), Bombay. At Washington University, Milind was a
member of the Applied Research Laboratory (ARL), where he worked on his
Doctoral Research project “Project MARS” funded by NSF’s National
Grand Challenges grant aimed at building scalable Multimedia-on-Demand
Services and Servers. He has authored over 22 research papers and 7 patent
submissions in the design of multimedia systems and protocols, layer-4
packet classification, MPLS path routing, and authentication and dynamic
key exchange. Milind currently serves at the Editor of IEEE/ACM
Transaction on Networking (TON). He also served as a co-guest-editor of
IEEE Network magazine's March 2001 Special issue on “Fast IP Packet
forwarding and Classification for Next Generation Internet Services”.
He has served in the capacity of tutorial chair for IEEE LCN 94, 95,
publicity chair for NOSSDAV97, program committee member of SPIE MMCN 2001,
2003, IEEE ICNP2002, 2003, 2004, IEEE LCN 93 to IEEE LCN 2000 and served
as a reviewer for IEEE TON, IEEE JSAC, ACM Multimedia, IEEE Infocom, ACM
SIGCOMM, and IEEE Multimedia magazine.
Speaker Web page:
http://www.bell-labs.com/user/mbuddhikot/
Tutorial B (half day): Security in Public Wireless
Networks
SPEAKER:
Dr. Milind M. Buddhikot
(milind@dnrc.bell-labs.com)
Lucent Bell Labs, USA
SUBJECT AREA:
Security, Broadband/Public Wireless Networks, 3G and 802.11 Networks
ABSTRACT
Recent trends indicate that two
complementary technologies, namely IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs (1-54 Mbps,
100-300 feet range) and Third generation (3G) wide-area wireless networks
(64Kbps to 2.4 Mbps, few kms range) such as CDMA2000 and UMTS will compete
and co-exist to offer wireless Internet access to end-users. One key
aspect of these networks is the security architecture and associated
protocols used to authenticate, encrypt and bill end user communication.
The authentication phase is the first step that verifies user credentials,
establishes required service class, derives session keys such as
encryption and anonymization keys and commences billing before the user
can access network services.
The performance and flexibility of
wireless data services will be dramatically improved if users can
seamlessly roam across the two kinds of networks. Given this, the Network
Service Providers (NSP s) will integrate their networks using roaming
agreements that allow such seamless roaming. Efficient, high
performance authentication and re-authentication and derivation of session
keys using a common profile shared among all NSPs will play a critical
role in such integration.
This tutorial will focus on emerging
stand-alone and integrated local and wide-area wireless
networks such as 802.11, 3G1X, 1XEV-DO and UMTS. It will provide in-depth
knowledge of state-of-the-art security architectures, protocols, and
network and client systems for user authentication, dynamic session key
negotiation, encryption and accounting in these networking technologies.
It will also highlight known limitations, attacks, and security
weaknesses.
TUTORIAL OUTLINE
MODULE I (5 mins):
Introduction, Motivation and Outline
1. Tutorial outline and
summary
MODULE II (TOTAL: 90 mins):
Authentication, Key exchange and Encryption in 802.11 Networks
PART 1 (10 mins):
Basics of network architecture
1. Basic network
architecture: Ad hoc, Infrastructure modes. Addressing, packet formats.
Concepts of roaming, L2/L3 mobility and handoff
PART 2 (20 mins): Authentication and
Encryption in legacy 802.11 Networks
1. Basic 802.11 Open and Shared Key
authentication
| State m/c details. Limitations |
2. WEP RC4 encryption and its limitations
| Basic WEP problems and attacks |
| Shamir result: “WEP unsafe at any key length” |
3. Fixing 802.11 security problems
| WEPPlus, TKIP enhancements, MIC, Re-keying
concepts |
| Wireless Protected Access standards: WARP, WAP, AES |
| 802.11i standard |
PART 3 (20 mins): Authentication and Key Exchange
using 802.1x Port Access Control
1. 802.1x Concepts
| EAP-over-LANs (EAPOL) protocol and state m/c |
2. Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)
details:
| State machines, packet types and formats |
3. AAA Concepts
| RADIUS and EAP-over-RADIUS |
4. Caveats: Problems with 802.1x and 802.11
together!
PART 4 (40 mins):
EAP Methods
1. Certificate Based Schemes: Public Key
Cryptography, Certificates, PGP, Transport Layer Security (TLS)
| EAP-TLS |
| Tunneled TLS (TTLS) |
| Protected EAP (PEAP) |
2. CISCO LEAP
3. EAP-SRP
4. Comparison of these schemes
MODULE III (TOTAL: 30 mins):
Authentication, Key exchange and Encryption in Wide-area Wireless Networks
PART 1 (10 mins): Basics of
network architecture
1. CDMA2000: R-UIM, BSC, RNC, PDSN, Simple IP,
Mobile IP modes
2. GSM/UMTS: SIM/USIM, Node B, RNC, SGSN/GGSN,
HLR, VLR
PART 2 (20 mins):
Authentication, key exchange and encryption
1. Authentication entities
| Subscriber Identity Module (SIM), U-SIM/R-UIM smart
cards |
| HLR, VLR, AAA servers |
2. GSM SIM authentication and encryption
protocol
3. UMTS AKA authentication and encryption
protocol
4. CDMA2000 authentication and encryption
protocols
| 3G1X, 1XEVDO |
MODULE IV
(50 mins): Authentication and Key Exchange in Integrated Public Wireless
Networks
PART 1
(10 mins): Network Integration Architectures
1. Loose vs. Tight
integration
1. Wireless Public Access Gateways
| Authentication, Accounting, Seamless
Mobility management,
QoS, Caching |
| Access to enterprise and voice services |
| Authentication in Mobile IP |
2. Comparison of two architectures for
authentication overheads
PART 2 (30 mins):
Authentication protocols in integrated networks
1. SIM/USIM based protocols:
| EAP-SIM, EAP-AKA |
| Protocol details, Identity privacy, Fast
Re-authentication,
Key Derivation, HLR communication options and overheads |
| Known attacks on EAP-SIM |
2. EAP –Shared Key Exchange (EAP-SKE) protocol
3. EAP-ARCHIE, EAP-CAVE protocol
4. Single Pass Multi-layer Authentication
Schemes
5. Comparative evaluation of the schemes
6. Example EAP-SIM implementation
PART 3 (10 mins):
Accounting
MODULE V (10 mins):
State-of-the-art in systems and services
1. Windows, Linux support for 802.11, 802.1x,
EAP-SIM, TLS, TTLS, PEAP
2. RADIUS, DIAMETER servers: Open source and
commercial products. AAA brokers
3. UMTS, CDMA 2000 modems and smart cards
4. Current vendors for components and services
Reef Edge, IPUnplugged, Vernier Networks Boingo, Telepath, Waypoint,
Mobilestar, Verizon Express, Sprint PCSVision, Docomo FOMA
CONCLUSIONS (5 mins)
POTENTIAL AUDIENCE:
This tutorial is ideal for engineers, graduate students, executives and
practitioners in the field of wide-area wireless (3G) and 802.11 LAN
technologies. The level of this tutorial can be classified as Intermediate
to Advanced.
SPEAKER'S BIOGRAPHY RELEVANT TO THE
TUTORIAL SUBJECT:
The speaker has extensive experience in various aspects of wireless
networks ranging from mobility management protocols, authentication and
key exchange, design of wireless access gateways, and client and network
software systems for wireless networks. The speaker is a co-architect of
the Shared Key Exchange (SKE) scheme currently under consideration for
standardization in IETF. He is also the
technical leader of the team responsible for implementing EAP-SIM/AKA and
EAP-SKE protocols in Lucent NAVIS AAA product.
The speaker is a key member of the team that developed Lucent
Technologies’ 802.11+3G integration architecture strategy and built the
802.11/3G IOTA integration gateways. The technology this team developed
has been demonstrated to service provider customers and also in trade
shows such CTIA 2003 in New Orleans. The team was awarded a prestigious
a prestigious
Bell Labs President’s Silver Award
for
outstanding innovations and contributions in March 2003 and
Bell Labs
Team Award in Dec 2003.
The speaker has co-authored 6 papers and 4 patents (pending) on various
topics covering the area.
RELEVANT PUBLICATIONS AND TALKS
- M. Buddhikot, G. Chandranmenon, S. J.
Han, Y. W. Lee, S. Miller and L. Salgarelli, Integration of 802.11 and
Third Generation Wireless Data Networks, Proceedings of IEEE
Infocom 2003, San Francisco, April 2003.
- M. Buddhikot, G. Chandranmenon, S. J.
Han, Y. W. Lee, S. Miller and L. Salgarelli, Design and Implementation
of a WLAN/CDMA2000 Integration Architecture, Special Issue of IEEE
Communications Magazine on 3G+802.11 Integration, Nov 2003.
- L. Salgarelli, M. Buddhikot, J. Garay.
S. Patel, S. Miller, Efficient Authentication and Key Distribution in
Wireless IP Networks, Special Issue of IEEE Wireless Communications
Magazine, Nov 2003.
- M. Buddhikot, A. Hari, K. Singh and
S. Miller, MobileNAT: A New Technique for Mobility Across
Heterogeneous Address Spaces Proceedings of
First ACM International Workshop on Mobile Applications and Services in
Hotspots (in conjunction with ACM Mobicom 2003), Sept 2003, San Diego
Longer version invited for Special Issue of ACM/Kluwer
Journal of MONET.
- Salgarelli, L, Buddhikot, M., Garay,
J., Miller, M., EAP SKE Authentication and Key Exchange Protocol,
IETF Internet draft, draft-salgarelli-pppext-802.11-auth-02.txt.
- Blumenthal, U., Buddhikot, M., Garay,
J., Miller, S, Patel, S., Salgarelli, L., and D. Stanley, A Scheme for
Authentication and Dynamic Key Exchange in Wireless Networks, Bell
Labs Technical Journal Special Issue on Wireless Networking, 7(2), pp.
37-48. 2002.
- Milind Buddhikot, “New Technologies
for Integrated Public Wireless Networks,” (Invited Talk) OpenSig
2003, Columbia University, NY, Oct 9, 2003. Also, talk at
Rutgers WINLAB, Nov 4, 2003, and WICAT Brooklyn Polytech, Jan 16, 2004.
IOTA Relevant details and publications
can be found at URL
http://www.bell-labs.com/~mbuddhikot/IOTAProject/IOTA.htm
SHORT BIOGRAPHY OF THE SPEAKER
Milind M. Buddhikot
is a Member of
Technical Staff in the Center for Networking Research at Lucent Bell Labs.
His research interests are in the areas of systems and protocols for
public wireless networks, dynamic authentication and key exchange,
multihop wireless and dynamic spectrum access. Milind holds a Doctor of
Science (D. Sc.) in computer science (July 1998) from Washington
University in St. Louis. He has served on program committees of several
conferences and currently serves as the Editor of IEEE/ACM Transaction on
Networking (TON). Milind is a key member of the team that developed
Lucent Technologies’ 802.11+3G integration architecture strategy and built
the 802.11/3G IOTA integration gateways. The team was awarded the
prestigious Bell Labs President’s Silver Award for outstanding innovations
and contributions in March 2003 and Bell Labs Team Award in Dec 2003.
Milind is
also a co-architect of the Shared Key Exchange (SKE) scheme and a
technical leader of
the team responsible for implementing EAP-SIM/AKA and EAP-SKE protocols in
Lucent NAVIS AAA product.
DETAILED BIOGRAPHY OF THE SPEAKER
Milind M. Buddhikot
is a Member of Technical Staff in the Center for
Networking Research at Lucent Bell Labs. His research interests are in
the areas of systems and protocols for public wireless networks, dynamic
authentication and key exchange, multihop wireless, dynamic spectrum
access, MPLS path routing, and multimedia messaging and stream caching.
Milind holds a Doctor of Science (D. Sc.) in computer science (July 1998)
from Washington University in St. Louis, and a Master of Technology (M.Tech.)
in communication engineering (December 1988) from the Indian Institute of
Technology (I.I.T.), Bombay. At Washington University, Milind was a
member of the Applied Research Laboratory (ARL), where he worked on his
Doctoral Research project “Project MARS” funded by NSF’s National
Grand Challenges grant aimed at building scalable Multimedia-on-Demand
Services and Servers. He has authored over 22 research papers and 7 patent
submissions in the design of multimedia systems and protocols, layer-4
packet classification, MPLS path routing, and authentication and dynamic
key exchange. Milind currently serves at the Editor of IEEE/ACM
Transaction on Networking (TON). He also served as a co-guest-editor of
IEEE Network magazine's March 2001 Special issue on “Fast IP Packet
forwarding and Classification for Next Generation Internet Services”.
He has served in the capacity of tutorial chair for IEEE LCN 94, 95,
publicity chair for NOSSDAV97, program committee member of SPIE MMCN 2001,
2003, IEEE ICNP2002, 2003, 2004, IEEE LCN 93 to IEEE LCN 2000 and served
as a reviewer for IEEE TON, IEEE JSAC, ACM Multimedia, IEEE Infocom, ACM
SIGCOMM, and IEEE Multimedia magazine.
Speaker Web page:
http://www.bell-labs.com/user/mbuddhikot/
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